Most accurate measurement of Boltzmann constant yet: In this study, the researchers... used acoustic thermometry to make the measurement by building an acoustic resonator and making amazingly precise measurements of the speed of sound in argon gas.
The researchers first cooled the resonator to the temperature of the triple point of water so they knew the temperature exactly in the current definition and filled it with argon gas...
Then they used the speed of sound measurement to calculate the average speed of the argon molecules and hence the average amount of kinetic energy that they had – from this they were able to calculate the Boltzmann constant with an extremely high accuracy.
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