What We Can Learn From the Quantum Calculations of Birds and Bacteria - Wired Science

What We Can Learn From the Quantum Calculations of Birds and Bacteria - Wired Science: We can now show that a single electronic excitation acting as a probability amplitude wave can simultaneously sample the various molecular paths connecting the antenna cells to the reaction center. The excitation effectively “picks” the most efficient route from leaf surface to sugar conversion site from a quantum menu of possible paths. This requires that all possible states of the traveling particle be superposed in a single, coherent quantum state for tens of femtoseconds.

We have seen this remarkable phenomenon in the green sulphur bacteria, but humans have not yet figured out how it is that nature can stabilize a coherent electronic quantum state in such complex systems for such long periods of time...

Remarkably, it seems that these photosynthesizing bacteria can actually use decoherence to speed up the transfer of electronic information by accessing vibrational energies in the protein bath surrounding the biological-quantum wire without losing the integrity of the information...

It seems that quantum mechanical processes in the avian eye send signals to the brain that are sensitively dependent on the angle of change in magnetic field inclination, thereby allowing the bird to map routes. The hypothesis is that pairs of light-absorbing molecules in the bird retina produce quantum mechanically entangled electrons whose quantum mechanical state depends on the angular inclination of the field and which catalyze chemical reactions that send differently valued signals to the brain depending upon the degree of inclination.

The surprise theory of everything

The surprise theory of everything: The question is whether we can express the whole of physics simply by enumerating possible and impossible processes in a given situation. This is very different from how physics is usually phrased, in both the classical and quantum regimes, in terms of states of systems and equations that describe how those states change in time. The blind alleys down which the standard approach can lead are easiest to understand in classical physics, where the dynamical equations we derive allow a whole host of processes that patently do not occur - the ones we have to conjure up the laws of thermodynamics expressly to forbid, such as dye molecules reclumping spontaneously in water...

Apply this logic more generally, and time ceases to exist as an independent, fundamental entity, but one whose flow is determined purely in terms of allowed and disallowed processes. With it go problems such as that I alluded to earlier, of why the universe started in a state of low entropy. If states and their dynamical evolution over time cease to be the question, then anything that does not break any transformational rules becomes a valid answer.

A New View Of Gravity - Science News

A New View Of Gravity - Science News: "Gravity, Verlinde asserts, is similar in the sense that masses move in ways that also produce more probable, higher-entropy arrangements.

Verlinde is not the first to relate gravity to thermodynamics. In 1995, Ted Jacobson of the University of Maryland demonstrated that the equations of Einstein’s general theory of relativity could be derived from basic thermodynamic principles. That result drew on work in the 1970s by Jacob Bekenstein and Stephen Hawking, who discovered parallels between ordinary thermodynamics and the physics of black holes, regions of such intense gravity that nothing that enters can ever exit. Bekenstein showed that a black hole has entropy, determined by all the matter and energy it has swallowed. Hawking demonstrated that black holes have a temperature (requiring the emission of Hawking radiation from a black hole’s surface). Since black holes are basically nothing more than pure gravity, describing them in terms of the thermo dynamic properties of entropy and temperature hinted at deeper links between gravity and thermodynamics."

Gravity Emerges from Quantum Information, Say Physicists� - Technology Review

Gravity Emerges from Quantum Information, Say Physicists� - Technology Review: Verlinde suggested that gravity is merely a manifestation of entropy in the Universe. His idea is based on the second law of thermodynamics, that entropy always increases over time. It suggests that differences in entropy between parts of the Universe generates a force that redistributes matter in a way that maximises entropy. This is the force we call gravity.

What's exciting about the approach is that it dramatically simplifies the theoretical scaffolding that supports modern physics. And while it has its limitations--for example, it generates Newton's laws of gravity rather than Einstein's--it has some advantages too, such as the ability to account for the magnitude of dark energy which conventional theories of gravity struggle with.