Xiao-Gang Wen's approach is to explore the properties of matter when the topological links between particles become much more general and complex. He generalises these links, thinking of them as strings that can connect many particles together. In fact, he considers the way many strings can form net-like structures that have their own emergent properties...
That makes string nets a kind of "quantum ether" through which electromagnetic waves travel. That's a big claim.
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