Physicist Derives Laws of Thermodynamics For Life Itself: His idea is to examine every combination of states that are possible in this box and to consult an omniscient microbiologist about whether each state represents a bacterium or not. In that way, it ought to be possible, at least in principle, to gain an idea of the statistical physics involved.
Next, he asks the microbiologist to take another look at the box after a period that is roughly equivalent to the time it takes for bacteria to divide...
This sets an important bound on what is thermodynamically possible in this system: in effect, England derives the second law of thermodynamics for the system...
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